Here I have an example of elapsed time.

1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9

4 to 6 is 2. It is the same with

clocks. 4:00 to 6:00 is 2 hours.

            

 

 

 

 

 

I am going to show you how to ADD and SUBTRACT fractions!

The first step for adding a fraction is to write your question . Lets say your question was 2/3 plus 5/3. you would have to add the numerator (the top).  So the answer would be 7/3. You do not need to add the denominator (the bottom) because that represents the number of peices you have in the fraction. But if you need to add a fraction with different denominators you need to multiply the fraction to make them the same. In this case you need to find the LCM. If you wanted to add 4/5 plus 6/10 you need to find the LCM of 5 and 10. The LCM of 5 and 10 is 10. So you need to multiply the fraction 4/5 by 2. So that fraction would change into 8/10. So the question would change into 8/10 plus 6/10 wich would equal 14/10. You can simplify that to 7/5. wich can be simplified again. So the anwser would be 1 as an integer and 2/5 as a fraction.

If I wanted to subtract the fractions 5/3 takeaway 2/3 the answer would be 3/3 wich would equal 1. If the denominators were different then you would need to use the LCM just like when you add fractions.

 

Here I am going to show you how to MULTIPLY and DIVIDE fractions!

There are three simple steps for multiplying fractions. Step one is multiply the numerator. Step two is multiply the denominators. Step three is simplify the fraction. Unlike adding and subtracting fractions you do not need to use the LCM and you do not need to make the denominators the same. For example if I had the question 1/2 times 2/5 you would have to multiply the numerators and the denominators. So the answer would be 2/10. Then you would need to simplify the fraction and once you have done that the answer would be 1/5.

Tere are also three simple steps for dividing a fraction. Step one turn the second fraction upside down. Step two multiply the fractions. Step three simplify the fraction. So for example if I had to divide 1/2 divided by 1/6 I would have to flip 1/6 into 6/1. Then, I need to multiply the fractions wich would equal 6/2. Then I would simplify the fraction so it becomes three.

Does it make sense?

You can change  a question like  “What is 20 divided by 5?” into “How many 5s  fit into 20?”

In the same way our fraction question can become: 1/2 divided by 1/6 – How many 1/6 can go into 1/2? If you take pizzas for an example how many 1/6 slices can fit into an 1/2 slice? Three 1/6 slices can fit into an 1/2 slice. So now you can see that it really does make sense!

EQIAVELENT FRACTIONS!

Equivalent fractions are fractions that equal the same value. For example 2/4 is the same as 1/2 becuase they both have the same value as a half. How to calculate these fractions is to times it by a number. For example if you take 1/2 and times the numerator and the denominator by two, you will get the fraction 2/4 wich you could times by two again. In that case it would equal 4/8. It would keep on going and going. However, if you times a fraction by three or any number that you choose, you can’t change the number your multiplying. You have to keep the same number and multiply the same number. If you change the number you would muck up all your working out and you would have to start all over again.

AREA AND PERIMETER!

The perimeter is the total distance around the outside of a 2d shape. You calculate the perimeter by adding up all the sides.

The perimeter = 7+7+3+3= 20cm.

How to calculate the perimeter of a rectangle:

Because a rectangle is a shape that has two pairs of parallel sides there are several other ways to work this out:

• You could add 3cm and 7cm then multiply them by two.
• You could multiply 7cm by 2 and 3cm by 2, then add the totals.

Decide which method is easier for you.

These methods works with any shape that has 2 pairs of parallel sides.

Finding the perimeter is easy if you understand-remember that!

The area is the amount of surface the 2d shape covers. Its measured using square units. Sometimes questions don’t give squares in the shape. Those types of questions usually only have the cm’s on the length and width of the shape. In this case, you need to multiply the L and W. This will give you the area of the shape. L times W is the formula of finding out the area. If there is squares you can count the squares, or multiply L times W. We usually write cm2. This is cm squared.

 

 

 

Here I am going to show you about ‘equations’!

1. x+4.6=3.1

[sol]   x=3.1-4.6

           x=-1.5

Solving an equation means finding the number x for which the right side equals the left side. For example 1, substituting ‘x= -1.5’ into the right side gives -1.5+4.6, which equals 3.1. This agrees on the right side. You can solve an equation by changing it into the form ‘x=a number’. To do this, add or subtract the same number to both sides.

6 times x = 3 = x = 1/2

x+5 = -3 = x = -3-5 = x = -8